Improvement in sheet-metal casks



.heads of the eask.

' UNITED STATES SAMUEL J. lsEEL-Y, oEfBR'ooKLYm-NEW YORK. u

i 'IMPROVEMENT IN SHEET-METAL esKfs.

Specification forming part ot' Letters Patent No. 36.17.15. ydated Angust 1:2, 1`8G'3.- v

.To all whom, t may' con/cern:

Be it known that I, VSAMUEL SHELL of the city of Brooklyn, in the State of New York,

have invented a new and Improved Mode of Constructing Barrels and Casks -from Sheet. Metal; and I do hereby .declare that the following is a full and exact descriptionthereof,

reference being had to the accompanying dran'- ings, and to the letters of'reierencemarked thereon.

lFigure 1 is an elevation ot' the Cask when completed. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal section of the-saine. Fig. 3 is an elevation of one of the Fig. it is a section showing a modified mode of construction. Fig. 5 isa section showing the manner of constructing the bung of the cask.

The nature of my inventione'onsists in constructing a cask of a cylindrical form, which i renders it more convenient to be handled, and

makes it capable of being more closely stowed t on board ship or elsewhere. To render it durable and impermeable to 1noisture,I'-make it of metal and in order to secure the requisite lightness andA strength, I use thin sheets of this material, which are'tobe corrugated or otherwise arranged, as hereinafter described. I first form the external cylindrical surface of the casks of sheetA metal`corrugated transversely, the corrugations extending in4 continued -series from one chine of the cask to the other, as shown in drawings 1 and 2. This is bent -into a cylindrical form of the Aproper dimensions, the ends being iirmlyfastened-together by being soldered or riveted'and ccv mented, or'- in any othenway that shall render the connection perfectly tight and stron g.. The corrugations are so shaped lthat the salient corrugations of o ne cask shall iit into the re-entering'.l corrugations of another eask of the same pattern when placed sideby side, or when the one is placed above the other.

The head of one eask will project beyond that of the oneeontiguous to it by half'the breadth of one corrugati'on; but .with this slight variation the casks will iirmly interlock with each other, and stand ranged in regular ranks, either longitudinally or vertically, and the irregularities in one rank can be made to t into those of the contiguous rank, so that all the space will be occupied, andthis `very irregularity .will form a kind of 'breaking' of jointsbetween the diierent ranks of caslgs, so

as to add to their eompaetn'ess andto bind them more firmly iogether,'thus avoiding the shifting of a cargoon board 'ofshi ps in a storm. The cylindrical form of the leasksavoids the necessity-of dunuage, which is always necessary where easks are constructed .in the crdinary way with abilge..v It also gives much more space in' storage, as thereis less waste space -when the casks are made cylindrical or of equal sizefromend to end. VI then `forni an internal cylinder of plain sheet metal,- which is bent into shape .and soldered or cemented, as above mentioned, and of such diameter'that it shall fit snug and tight into the external corrugated cylinder aforesaid. .This internal lining-cylinder may 'sometimes be dispensed with, as represented in Fig. 4, though in most eases I prefer to retain it, as the cask' is thereby greatly'strengthened, land -is also much more readily emptied of its contents. :The external cylinder may be constructedof sheet- .iron about No. 20'in thickness for a ca s'k which is to contain'4 forty gallons, and heavier orA lighter for easks of other sizes, in proportion to theirdimensions. I prefer galvanizediron as lthe material from which the internal or lining cylinderis to be constructed, as it is less likely to, affect or to be aiected by the contents of the ca-sk than most other metals, except such as are too expensive for ordinary use. It may be made of much lighter sheets 4than is requisite'forthe external cylinder.

Even' tin of the ordinary 'thickness answers aA very goed purpose in many cases. The heads ofi the casks should be made somewhat -concavein order to sustain the pressure from within; It may also be corrugated, as shownin the drawings Figs. 2, 3, and 4,' er in various other modes,'thoug h I do not think any -of these-corrugations necessary, andprefer a plain concave surface as being more conven- 4gient, less expensive, and sueiently strong.

' Where an internal lining-cylinder is used for'the body of the cask,\the head should be made of .a similar material, or else it should have an internal lining of such material in 'order thatthe contents of the cask should come in contact with the same metal at'the ends as on the sides. These heads are constructed with a flange, a,as shown in Figs. 2 and 4g' which maybe riveted and soldered or cemented to the ehines of thecylinders forming the sides of the vcash '.lhe' angle of the flange is uenlatter from coming in contact with the around thechines,

larged, so as to form a shoulder, v as at b,which must not be so large as to'prevent the head from beingsprung into the e'nd of the cylinder of the Cask. Nhere great care to pre vent leakage is required, I sometimes make a croze or indentation, c, in which I place a twine, and afterward rivet the chine on each side of the' croze.

The bung-hole is composed of two rings, e f, united by bolts o o, into which the bung g is to be screwed. These rings are so constructed as to fit the corrugations or the external or in: ternal surfaces of' the cask as far as they extend. The external ring should be made almost ilush with the external surface of the cask, so'that in rolling the cask there will' 4scarcely be any jar or jolt produced by rolling over the bung-hole. The bung itself should be depressed somewhatfbelow the cheeks of this external ring, so as to be protectedby theA surface over lwhich the cask may be rolled. The screw 'at the bung-'holel is made slightly tapering, so

' that the bung can be more readily removed and prevented from being made ,fast in the bung-hole in consequence of au external blow, or in consequence of the gluey or gummy nature of the contents of the cask.

I vsometimes strengthen the heads of the casks by the head-linings t i, Figs. 2 and 4, having a beveled surface extending entirely to which they may be rivcted or otherwise attached.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let` ters Patent, is-

1.. Acylindrically-shaped cask the external convex surface of which is composed of sheet metal,with transverse corrugations extending in a continuous'series from one chine thereof to the other, when such corrugations are so constructed that the salient corrugations of one cask shall lit into the re-eutering corruga-4 tions of that which is next it, (if made of the -same patterm) and so that a. rank of such casks shall interlock firmly with each other and. pack closely together, substantially in the .manner and for the purpose above described.

2, Ina cask of a cylindrical shape, the ex. ternal convex surface of which is composed of sheet metal transversely corrugated, the insertion of a plain internalor lining cylinder,

`made to t snug and tight to the external cylinder, by which it is supported, the wholeheing rmly attached together at the chine, sub.- stantially as described. 1

13. Ina cask constructed of sheet metal, the insertion of heads of sheet metal, made suiciently concave to prevent being bent outward by the internal -purpose of the fluid which may be contained in the cask, and having flanges bent down at nearly right angles to their respectives'urfaces, and so shaped as to be readily tted and riveted, or otherwise cemented tothe chines of said cask,'substantially as described.

4. In a cylindrical metallic cask`1n which the head is made slightly concave, and is constructed with a flange fitting thechine of the cask,as above described,making the diameter of the head proper largerthan'the internal diameter of the cask, fn combination ywith a groove or corrugation ffitted'to receiveit, so that when such head is sprung into the cask it shall find a rm shoulder and make a closer joint when any internal ,pressurel is brought against the head, as is hereinbefore described.

. 5. In a cylindrical corrugated cask,' constructed as hereinbefore described, and in which the. bung-hole is placed upon the convex side thereof, surrounding it with metallic supports composed of 'two parts attached t0- gether and fitting the corrugations of the body of the cask, substantially as above described.

6. In a metallic cylindrical cask havingthe bung-hole upon its convex cylindrical surface,

and so constructedas to be nearly flush with that surface,so constructing the bung that it will be somewhat depressed beneath the cheeks which surround the hole, so as to be protected by those cheeks when the cask is rolled over aneven surface, substantially as described.

. Witness my hand i'n the matter of my ap plication for patent on improvement in manufacture of metal casks, Src., this 3d day of July, 1862. v

SAML. J. SEELY.`

Witnesses: v

,G. DmrERIcn EDWIN S. JAcoB.. 

